New Palace Yard
Sightseeing attraction | London | England | United Kingdom
Historical landmark in London
The New Palace Yard is a historic landmark in London that is closely connected to the Palace of Westminster, the seat of the British Parliament. This courtyard is located in the northwestern area of the palace grounds and has a long history dating back to the time of the Norman kings. It was established by William II, also known as William Rufus, following the construction of Westminster Hall in 1097, and was named "New" to distinguish it from the older Old Palace Yard further south. The New Palace Yard is a fascinating example of London's development from medieval times to the modern era, reflecting the political and architectural history of Britain.
Development of London from medieval
Originally, the area of the New Palace Yard was a marshy, low-lying land that was often flooded by the Thames. In the 12th century, a river wall was built to reclaim the land, and over time, the courtyard was solidified by filling it with rubble and paving it with cobblestones. From the late 13th or early 14th century, it was designed as an open space serving various functions. In the Middle Ages, it functioned similarly to an outer castle yard and was accessible to the public. Significant events took place here, including public speeches, tournaments, punishments, and even executions. Notable historical moments include the execution of the Scottish noble Robert Crichton in 1612 and the punishment of the Puritan John Stubbs in 1580, who had his hand severed as a penalty for a critical pamphlet.
Exploring New Palace Yard history
A central feature of the New Palace Yard for centuries was a large octagonal fountain with a dome, built in 1443 by King Henry VI. This fountain, known as the "Great Conduit," was not only an architectural highlight but also a venue for festive occasions - it is said to have been filled with wine during coronations and other state events. It remained intact until the end of the 17th century when it was finally demolished. Its remains were rediscovered in the 1970s during construction work, providing insight into the medieval design of the courtyard.
Political significance of New Palace Yard
Today, the New Palace Yard has been modernized. Beneath its surface lies a multi-story underground car park built in the 1970s for members of Parliament. Above ground, the courtyard has been transformed into a garden, featuring a Linden tree-lined avenue, a central lawn, and stone benches creating a peaceful atmosphere. A modern fountain commemorates Queen Elizabeth II's Silver Jubilee in 1977, paying homage to the site's historical tradition. The courtyard adjoins the Westminster Hall, with its northern entrance accessed through the Yard, as well as the famous Elizabeth Tower, often known by its nickname "Big Ben."
