New Palace Yard
Sightseeing attraction | London | England | United Kingdom
The New Palace Yard is a historic landmark in London that is closely connected to the Palace of Westminster, the seat of the British Parliament. This courtyard is located in the northwestern area of the palace grounds and has a long history dating back to the time of the Norman kings. It was established by William II, also known as William Rufus, following the construction of Westminster Hall in 1097, and was named "New" to distinguish it from the older Old Palace Yard further south. The New Palace Yard is a fascinating example of London's development from medieval times to the modern era, reflecting the political and architectural history of Britain.
Originally, the area of the New Palace Yard was a marshy, low-lying land that was often flooded by the Thames. In the 12th century, a river wall was built to reclaim the land, and over time, the courtyard was solidified by filling it with rubble and paving it with cobblestones. From the late 13th or early 14th century, it was designed as an open space serving various functions. In the Middle Ages, it functioned similarly to an outer castle yard and was accessible to the public. Significant events took place here, including public speeches, tournaments, punishments, and even executions. Notable historical moments include the execution of the Scottish noble Robert Crichton in 1612 and the punishment of the Puritan John Stubbs in 1580, who had his hand severed as a penalty for a critical pamphlet.
A central feature of the New Palace Yard for centuries was a large octagonal fountain with a dome, built in 1443 by King Henry VI. This fountain, known as the "Great Conduit," was not only an architectural highlight but also a venue for festive occasions - it is said to have been filled with wine during coronations and other state events. It remained intact until the end of the 17th century when it was finally demolished. Its remains were rediscovered in the 1970s during construction work, providing insight into the medieval design of the courtyard.
Today, the New Palace Yard has been modernized. Beneath its surface lies a multi-story underground car park built in the 1970s for members of Parliament. Above ground, the courtyard has been transformed into a garden, featuring a Linden tree-lined avenue, a central lawn, and stone benches creating a peaceful atmosphere. A modern fountain commemorates Queen Elizabeth II's Silver Jubilee in 1977, paying homage to the site's historical tradition. The courtyard adjoins the Westminster Hall, with its northern entrance accessed through the Yard, as well as the famous Elizabeth Tower, often known by its nickname "Big Ben."
The New Palace Yard is not only a historic site but also a setting that highlights the connection between the medieval past and the current political significance of the Palace of Westminster. While once the scene of dramatic and often brutal events, it now serves as a tranquil garden area surrounded by the majestic architecture of the parliamentary building. Visitors can enjoy the atmosphere of this place and immerse themselves in the history of one of the oldest parts of London, which has played a central role in British history for almost a millennium. Its proximity to other iconic landmarks makes it an interesting point for anyone looking to explore the past and present of the British capital.
